What are the primary types of chemical agents used by criminal justice officers?

The primary types of chemical agents used by criminal justice officers include substances that are effective in controlling and subduing individuals during confrontations. Oleo-resin capsicum, commonly known as pepper spray, and orthochlorobenzal-malononitrile (CS gas) are both widely recognized for their effectiveness in these situations.

Oleo-resin capsicum is a natural extract derived from hot peppers, which causes intense irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system, effectively incapacitating an individual temporarily. Ortho-chlorobenzal-malononitrile, or CS gas, is a synthetic compound used in law enforcement to disperse crowds and control riots by inducing severe irritation. Both of these agents are non-lethal and designed to offer a means of control while minimizing long-term harm.

In contrast, while chlorine gas is a chemical that can cause harm, it is not typically used by law enforcement for crowd control or individual restraint due to its dangerous and potentially lethal nature. Pepper spray and water represents an incorrect combination, as water is not a chemical agent used for control purposes in this context. Lastly, botulinum toxin and hallucinogens are not employed by criminal justice officers, as they pose significant health risks and are