What does the Eighth Amendment prohibit?

The Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution addresses the issues of punishment and is well-known for its prohibition against "cruel and unusual punishments." This amendment is a critical safeguard in the criminal justice system, ensuring that punishments for crimes are not inhumane or excessively harsh compared to the nature of the offenses committed. It serves to protect individuals from excessive punishment that does not fit the crime, which is fundamental to the principles of justice and human dignity.

While the amendment also contains principles related to bail and fines, its most distinctive feature is the emphasis on the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishments, making this the primary reason for its importance in legal contexts.