What encompasses nonverbal communication?

Nonverbal communication encompasses body language and facial expressions as it involves conveying messages without the use of spoken or written words. This form of communication plays a crucial role in how individuals interpret interactions, as it can express emotions, attitudes, and reactions that words alone might not fully convey. For example, a smile can indicate friendliness, while crossed arms may signal defensiveness.

In contrast to nonverbal communication, verbal instructions, written messages, and formal speeches rely on spoken or written language to convey information. These methods can supplement nonverbal cues but do not constitute nonverbal communication themselves. Thus, while they are valuable forms of communication, they do not encompass the broader category of nonverbal cues, making body language and facial expressions the correct focus.