What is a subpoena?

A subpoena is a legal document that commands a person to appear and testify in a legal proceeding, such as a court hearing or trial. This document serves as a formal request for an individual to present themselves for questioning and provides the legal authority necessary to ensure compliance. Failing to respond to a subpoena can result in legal penalties, such as being held in contempt of court.

The context surrounding a subpoena is critical in understanding its purpose within the judicial system. It is a crucial tool used to ensure that witnesses and relevant parties provide their testimony, thereby supporting the integrity and functionality of the legal process. The other options describe different legal concepts that do not accurately represent the definition and purpose of a subpoena. The second option reflects the true nature of what a subpoena entails, emphasizing its role in compelling testimony in legal settings.