What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy?

The placenta plays a critical role during pregnancy primarily by providing nourishment and oxygen to the developing fetus. It functions as an interface between the mother’s blood supply and that of the fetus, allowing essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals to be transferred to the fetus while simultaneously facilitating the removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products.

In addition to nourishment, the placenta also allows for the exchange of gases, ensuring that the fetus receives sufficient oxygen for its growth and development. This function is vital, as the fetus is completely reliant on the placenta for its sustenance, particularly during the early stages of development when it does not have independent systems in place.

While the placenta does contribute to other functions such as hormonal regulation and some degree of infection protection, its primary and most critical role centers around the provision of essential nutrients and oxygen to support the life of the fetus throughout gestation. This highlights its significance in prenatal health and fetal development.